Piping should be supported to ensure alignment and to prevent sagging. Piping in the ground should be laid on a
proper bed. Piping above ground should be supported with hooks, straps, bands, brackets and/or hangers suitable for
the size of the piping, of adequate strength and quality, and located at intervals so as to prevent sagging, damage
and vibration. Other piping should not support piping. Piping should not put strain upon connected equipment or
appliances.
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Individual, branch and circuit vents are permitted to terminate with a connection to an individual or branch-type air-admittance valve. Stack vents and vent stacks should be permitted to terminate to stack-type air-admittance valves. Access should be provided to all air-admittance valves. The air-admittance valve should be rated according to the size of the vent to which it is connected. www.nachi.org
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A common vent is one vent that serves more than one fixture, functioning as an individual vent for each fixture. Wet
venting is venting single or double bathroom groups or combinations thereof, where one vent pipe may serve all the
fixtures connected to the wet vent. Waste-stack venting is venting individual fixtures through a drainage stack, and
the over-sized stack functions as the vent. Circuit venting is venting up to eight fixtures with a single vent pipe.
A combination drain-and-vent system is restricted to floor drains, sinks and lavatories, and relies on the
over-sized drain pipe. Island-fixture venting has a vent installed below the flood-level rim of the fixture before
rising to connect to another vent.
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Where the drainage system cannot drain by gravity to the sewer, an automatic pump or ejector can be used to discharge
the soil and waste. The cover for the pump should be tightly sealed (gas-tight). Sumps, other than pneumatic
ejectors, should be vented with a minimum 1-1/4-inch diameter vent pipe. Pumps use mechanical methods to discharge,
and pneumatic ejectors use air pressure. Grinder pumps and ejectors pulverize solids to a near-liquid state and pump
the slurry to the drainage system.
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All cleanouts should be accessible or reachable without having to remove a permanent portion of the structure.
Cleanouts are designed to make the interior of a drainage system accessible for clearing stoppages without
inconvenience, dismantling wall or ceiling finishes, or disturbing the sanitary drainage system.Cleanout plugs are
very common. They are usually located at changes in direction in a drain line and at the bottom of stacks. Cleanouts
should be installed to open and allow cleaning in the direction of the flow of the drainage pipe, or at right angles
thereto. They must be water-tight and gas-tight. A cleanout plug can be made of brass or plastic. A cleanout plug
should have a raised square or a counter-sunk square head where a trip hazard may exist. The square shape minimizes
the possibility of stripping the plug during removal.
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